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Ali Institute of Research and Publication
Local-Digital Business Communication Model for Kualuh Traditional Culinary SMEs in North Labuhanbatu Regency
This study aims to formulate a local-digital business communication model for traditional culinary SMEs in Kualuh, North Labuhanbatu Regency. The study examines how local-based business communication practices are implemented and how digital communication is understood and utilized by culinary entrepreneurs in supporting business competitiveness. This research employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive-applied method. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving three culinary SMEs, namely Pak Gunawan Restaurant, Kualuh Specialty Restaurant, and Zahira Restaurant. The findings indicate that business communication practices are still dominated by direct interpersonal communication that emphasizes local wisdom values such as friendliness, politeness, hospitality, and quality service. Promotional activities mainly rely on word-of-mouth communication, which remains effective in building customer trust and loyalty. However, the utilization of digital media for business communication and promotion has not yet been optimized due to limited digital literacy and the persistence of conventional communication practices. This study formulates a local-digital business communication model that integrates interpersonal communication based on local cultural values with digital media utilization as a strategy to strengthen competitiveness and maintain the cultural identity of local culinary businesses. The study contributes practically by providing an adaptive communication framework for culinary SMEs in developing market reach without neglecting local wisdom values.
Copyright (c) 2026 Meylia Arifah Salsa, Kasron Nasution https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of a Rooftop Solar Power Plant in the Amamapare Coal-Fired Power Plant Area to Maximize the Plant’s Energy Output
The increasing electricity demand in the operational area of PT Freeport Indonesia, particularly at the Amamapare Coal-Fired Power Plant, has encouraged the integration of renewable energy systems to reduce fossil fuel dependency and carbon emissions. This study aims to evaluate the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of utilizing the coal stockpile roof area for a rooftop solar power plant installation. The research employed a quantitative descriptive approach using field observations, operational data, and PVsyst simulation. The results indicate that the available roof area of 18,825 m² can accommodate a 2.57 MWp photovoltaic system consisting of 4,720 bifacial modules and 25 inverter units. The system is capable of generating 3,809 MWh/year with a performance ratio of 83.86%. Economic evaluation shows that the project is feasible with a levelized cost of energy of 0.0987 USD/kWh and a net present value of 1,437,413 USD. In addition, the system has the potential to reduce carbon emissions by 50,299.7 tCO₂ during its operational lifetime. Therefore, the implementation of a rooftop solar power plant at the Amamapare coal field area is considered technically reliable, economically feasible, and environmentally beneficial.
Copyright (c) 2026 Oktapianus Ala, Jaka Windarta, Sri Widodo Agung Suedy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Utilization of Instagram Social Media by Perumda Tirtanadi in Public Communication in North Sumatra
This study aims to analyze the utilization of Instagram social media by Perumda Tirtanadi in public communication with the community in North Sumatra. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation of the Instagram account @tirtanadiprovsu, and documentation. The informants consisted of internal parties directly involved in managing Perumda Tirtanadi’s social media. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model and validated through source and method triangulation. The analysis applied Pierre Levy’s New Media Theory, particularly the aspects of social interaction and social integration. The results show that Instagram is utilized as a medium for delivering public information and facilitating two-way communication through comment features and direct messages (DM). Instagram is also used to build closer relationships with the community through the publication of service activities and social programs. However, several challenges remain, including inconsistencies in interaction management across branch accounts and the need to improve the visual quality of digital communication content. This study indicates that social media plays an important role in supporting public communication in public service institutions in the digital era.
Copyright (c) 2026 Tifani Alzahra, Muhammad Husni Ritonga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Mapping the Creative Economy Sector in Magelang
This study analyzes the spatial distribution, ecosystem dynamics, and development challenges of the creative economy sector in Magelang City using a geospatial approach. GIS, spatial cluster analysis, and the pentahelix framework were employed to examine the relationships among spatial concentration, accessibility, digital transformation, and regional competitiveness. Data were collected from 170 creative economy actors through surveys, interviews, and field observations, while spatial analysis was conducted using ArcGIS 10.8. The results show that creative economy activities are concentrated in several urban clusters, particularly in Potrobangsan, Magelang, and Kramat Utara, supported by better accessibility, infrastructure, and market connectivity. Culinary, craft, and fashion subsectors remain dominant, whereas digital-based subsectors continue to develop more slowly due to limited digital capacity and a less-developed innovation ecosystem. The study also identifies spatial disparities in digitalization, collaboration networks, business performance, and government support across regions. These findings highlight the importance of spatially informed policies, including creative hubs, digital incubation programs, and place-based development strategies, to strengthen sustainable regional competitiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siti Arifah, Ari Nurul Fatimah, Muhamad Maksum Hidayat, Muhammad Ichwandar Akrianto, Anam Firman Shah, Istikharoh Dwi Prihatiningsih, Alyssa Najmi Nurjanah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Information Publication Strategy of Pelindo SPMT Belawan from the Perspective of the Journalistic Code of Ethics on Instagram
This study aims to analyze the information publication strategy of Pelindo SPMT Belawan on Instagram from the perspective of the journalistic code of ethics. This study employed a descriptive qualitative approach with data collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of the Instagram account @pelindospmt_belawan. The informants consisted of internal parties directly involved in managing the company’s social media. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that Pelindo SPMT Belawan implements an information publication strategy that is planned, collaborative, and adaptive to social media trends. The application of journalistic ethics is reflected in information verification processes, content evaluation mechanisms before publication, and the use of language adjusted to public understanding. The study also found challenges related to controlling operational visual content and managing digital information that spreads rapidly on social media. This study indicates that corporate social media not only functions as a medium for company information publication but also requires the implementation of digital communication ethics principles to maintain credibility and public trust.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Hasbi Maulana, Abdul Rasyid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
User Satisfaction Analysis of the Central Lombok Agriculture Website Using EUCS and IPA
Government agency websites play an important role as a medium for delivering digital-based information and public services. Good website quality will influence the level of user satisfaction as well as the effectiveness of the services provided. This study aims to analyze the level of user satisfaction with the Central Lombok Regency Agriculture Service Website using the End-User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS) method, along with the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) and Importance Performance Analysis (IPA) approaches. The research data were obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to 150 respondents using a Likert scale. The analysis results showed that the CSI value was 74.76%, which falls into the satisfied category, indicating that in general the website has been able to meet users’ needs and expectations in providing information and public services. However, the EUCS analysis results indicated that there were still several indicators with relatively lower performance values compared to their level of importance. Furthermore, the IPA mapping results showed that there were no attributes located in Quadrant I, meaning that no main priorities requiring improvement were identified. Attributes in Quadrant II, particularly in the aspects of ease of use and accessibility, demonstrated good performance and should be maintained, while attributes in Quadrants III and IV can serve as evaluation materials in developing the quality of website services. Therefore, continuous evaluation and development are necessary to improve service quality and user satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nuri Dinda Lestari, Maulana Ashari, Muhammad Fauzi Zulkarnaen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
AIDA-Based Marketing Communication Strategy in Increasing Visitor Interest at Sei Mencirim Educational Tourism
This study aims to describe the AIDA-based marketing communication strategy implemented at Sei Mencirim Educational Tourism in increasing visitor interest. This research is motivated by the growing competition among educational tourism destinations and the need for destination managers to communicate attraction values through relevant promotional channels. This study used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with the owner, manager, and visitors, supported by field observation and documentation. The data were analyzed through data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that the attention stage is built through visual promotion on social media, banners, brochures, and community-based information sharing. The interest stage is supported by educational activities, culinary variety, and family-oriented tourism experiences. The desire stage emerges from visitors’ positive impressions of the atmosphere, service, price suitability, and testimonials from previous visitors. Meanwhile, the action stage is reflected in visitors’ decisions to visit, purchase culinary products, and consider repeat visits. The study concludes that the AIDA model helps explain how marketing communication practices at Sei Mencirim Educational Tourism gradually shape visitor interest. However, the findings are limited to qualitative data, so further studies may include visitor statistics or social media engagement data.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Aidil Azhar, Yusra Dewi Siregar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of Supply Chain Management for Mineral Water Inventory Management at Putri Store
Putri Store is a retail business that sells mineral water products with relatively high customer demand. However, its inventory management is still conducted manually, causing inaccurate stock records, delays in reordering, and frequent stockouts. Based on observations from August to October 2025, 26 stockout incidents were found across several mineral water products. This study aims to design and implement a web-based Supply Chain Management (SCM) system to improve inventory management effectiveness at Putri Store. The system was developed using the Waterfall method, consisting of requirements analysis, system design, implementation, testing, and evaluation. The system design used Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), while implementation was carried out using PHP and MySQL. System testing was conducted using the Black Box Testing method on the main modules, including login, inventory management, supplier management, ordering, and reporting. The results showed that all system functions operated according to user requirements, achieving a 100% success rate. The developed system supports real-time inventory monitoring, integrates supplier data with the ordering process, and automatically generates inventory reports. Its implementation reduced stock search time from 10–15 minutes to 1–2 minutes and report generation time from 20–30 minutes to less than 5 minutes. User satisfaction reached 93.2%, with an average score of 4.66 out of 5. Therefore, the web-based SCM system effectively improves inventory accuracy, accelerates decision-making, and reduces stockout risks at Putri Store.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmadina Rahmadina, Novica Irawati, Rohminatin Rohminatin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Group Communication in Volunteer Self-Concept at Sikkola Rakyat Kota Medan
This study aims to analyze the role of group communication in the self-concept of volunteers at Sekolah Rakyat Kota Medan. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving five volunteers selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, and analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model, which includes data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that group communication takes place through face-to-face interactions and online communication used for coordination, discussion, and activity evaluation. Through these communication processes, volunteers perceive themselves as more confident, open, and empathetic individuals. Supporting factors include a supportive environment, interaction intensity, and feedback among members, while the obstacles identified consist of misunderstandings in online communication, differences in communication styles, and low participation among some members. The study indicates that group communication plays a role in the development of volunteers’ self-concept within a community-based educational setting.
Copyright (c) 2026 Icha Listya Sitepu, Laila Rohani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of Islamic Educational Practices within Families and Their Association with Student Mental Health
Student mental health is a public health issue influenced by family and psychosocial factors. This study examined the relationship between Islamic education in the family and the mental health of 100 vocational high school students in Palembang, Indonesia. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and simple linear regression. The results showed that Islamic education in the family was generally well implemented, with moral education showing the highest distribution. Students’ mental health was also mostly in the good category, although inner peace remained the weakest aspect. Male students and those aged 17–19 years had higher mental health scores, with moderate effect sizes. Family Islamic education had a positive and significant relationship with student mental health (p < 0.05) and contributed 7.5% to its variance, while 92.5% was explained by other factors. These findings indicate that Islamic education in the family may support students’ mental health, although broader psychosocial factors remain more dominant. Therefore, parents, schools, and families need to strengthen open communication, religious values, intellectual development, physical education, and psychosocial support to reduce academic stress, especially among female students and those aged 15–16 years.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fahmi Mandala Putra, Fajri Ismail, Asri Karolina, Muhammad Sirozi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Crisis Communication Strategy of PT Salim Ivomas Pratama Tbk in Responding to the Alleged Cooking Oil Hoarding Case in 2022
This study examines the crisis communication strategy of PT Salim Ivomas Pratama Tbk in responding to allegations of cooking oil hoarding in 2022, which triggered a reputational crisis amid the national cooking oil shortage. Although the Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) has been widely applied in crisis communication studies, its application to reputational crises involving strategic food-sector companies in Indonesia remains limited. This study aims to analyze the company's crisis communication strategy from the perspective of SCCT. A qualitative approach with a case study method was employed. Data were collected through document analysis, media observation, online news reports, and official company publications related to the case. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify patterns in the company's communication responses during the crisis. The findings indicate that the company adopted denial and justification strategies by clarifying that the cooking oil stock discovered was part of its internal distribution system rather than an act of illegal hoarding. However, these strategies were not entirely successful in mitigating negative public perceptions due to the high attribution of crisis responsibility and strong media framing. The study suggests that in crises involving essential public commodities, defensive communication strategies should be complemented by transparency, social empathy, and consistent messaging to maintain public trust.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Raihan, Muhammad Alfikri https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Communication Adaptation of International Students in Dealing with Culture Shock in Medan City
This study explores how international students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU) navigate cultural differences and adapt to a new social environment while experiencing culture shock. The increasing mobility of international students in Indonesian higher education has created various intercultural communication challenges, particularly during the adaptation process. This research employed a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving international students, local students, lecturers, and dormitory administrators. The findings indicate that international students experienced culture shock related to language barriers, differences in social norms, communication styles, and everyday cultural practices. To cope with these challenges, they engaged in interpersonal and intercultural interactions with local students and members of the academic community. Adaptation strategies included language adjustment, environmental observation, the use of translation technologies, and participation in social activities. The findings also suggest that support from local students, lecturers, dormitory environments, and campus facilities contributed to students’ adaptation processes. These experiences can be understood through the perspective of Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT), particularly in terms of communication adjustments undertaken to facilitate interaction and social acceptance while maintaining aspects of their original cultural identity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ikke Nadia, Hasan Sazali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Role of Libraries in Strengthening Information Literacy toward Filter Bubble and Echo Chamber in Algorithm-Based Digital Information Consumption
Digital technology has changed how people access information, especially through the internet, social media, and search engines. However, algorithmic personalization may limit information diversity and create filter bubbles and echo chambers. This study analyzes the role of libraries in raising public awareness of these phenomena in digital information consumption. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, the research was conducted at the Medan City Library and Archives Office with nine informants consisting of librarians and library users selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, then analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that users rely on digital media because it is fast and accessible, but this also increases the risk of homogeneous information exposure and weak information verification. Libraries support information literacy through credible sources, reference services, literacy programs, digital literacy seminars, digital library training, and anti-hoax education. This study concludes that libraries can help communities become more critical and selective in consuming algorithm-based digital information.
Copyright (c) 2026 Astrid Ola Zuleika, Retno Sayekti https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in Water and Sediment to Support Environmental Monitoring of a Mining-Affected River in Buper Waena, Papua, Indonesia
Artisanal mining activities are recognized as important sources of heavy metal contamination in river ecosystems. This study evaluated cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) concentrations in water and sediments of Kali Jembatan Dua, Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia, as baseline information for environmental monitoring. Water and sediment samples were collected from three stations representing upstream mining areas and downstream river sections in June 2025. Heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). Concentrations in water ranged from 0.076-0.313 mg/L for Cd, 0.0032-0.0076 mg/L for Pb, and 0.0014-0.0039 mg/L for Hg. Cadmium exceeded the applicable Indonesian water quality standard, whereas Pb and Hg concentrations varied according to the designated water-use classification. Sediment concentrations ranged from 0.347-0.894 mg/kg (Cd), 0.721-2.234 mg/kg (Pb), and 0.0165-0.0277 mg/kg (Hg). Metal concentrations were generally higher at stations near mining activities and lower downstream. Sediments contained higher metal concentrations than the water column, indicating their role as sinks and potential secondary sources of contamination. These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring and management of mining-affected river systems in Papua.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vyona Mantayborbir, Lalu Panji Imam Agamawan , Ervina Indrayani, Dirk Y. P. Runtuboi, Yulindra Margaretha Numberi, Fawuni G. A. G. Rumbrawer https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Improving Sharia Economic Literacy from an Early Age Through Contextual Learning at Ma'had Darussalam Islamic Elementary School
Schools play a vital role in providing quality education and shaping students with strong character and morals. SD Islam Ma’had Darussalam functions not only as an educational institution but also as an agent of change committed to developing students with noble character, environmental awareness, and Islamic values from an early age. This community service activity aimed to socialize ethical and moral values aligned with Islamic economic principles in daily life. The activity was conducted through training and workshops for teachers, supported by learning modules as instructional materials. The results showed a significant improvement in teachers’ competence in teaching Islamic economic values. Evaluation results increased from 42% in the pre-test to 92% in the post-test, indicating a 50-percentage-point improvement after the intervention. These findings demonstrate that the training program effectively strengthened teachers’ pedagogical readiness and capacity to integrate Islamic economic values into classroom learning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ahmad Syathiri, Rifani Akbar Sulbahri, Yulia Hamdaini Putri, Wita Farla WK https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Interactive Media-Based Clean and Healthy Living Behavior Education on Handwashing Behavior among Early Childhood Children
Clean and Healthy Living Behavior (PHBS) is one of the promotive and preventive efforts in improving the health status of early childhood. One of the PHBS indicators that is important to implement from an early age is handwashing with soap. Low handwashing habits in children can increase the risk of infectious diseases such as diarrhea and acute respiratory infections. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of PHBS education based on interactive media on handwashing behavior in early childhood. The study used a quantitative method with a pre-experimental design through a one-group pretest-posttest design approach. The study population was 25 early childhood children at TKQ Nur Insani and the entire population was sampled using a total sampling technique. The intervention was carried out through PHBS education using animated videos and educational images regarding correct handwashing steps. The research instrument used a handwashing behavior observation sheet based on WHO indicators. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a significance level of 95%. The results showed an increase in handwashing behavior after being given interactive media-based education. The average value of handwashing behavior before the intervention was 54.20, increasing to 84.60 after the intervention. The statistical test results showed a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05), indicating a significant effect of interactive media-based PHBS education on handwashing behavior in early childhood. This study concluded that PHBS education using interactive media was effective in improving handwashing behavior in early childhood at Nur Insani Kindergarten.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fitri Aidani Ulfa Hrp https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A Murray Edelman Framing Analysis of Metro TV’s News Coverage of the US–Israel–Iran Conflict to Support Public Critical Media Literacy
This study is motivated by the increasing intensity of media coverage on the United States (U.S.)–Israel–Iran conflict and the role of media in constructing reality through framing. It aims to analyze how Metro TV frames the conflict using Murray Edelman’s framing model. This research employs a qualitative approach within a constructivist paradigm, with the unit of analysis being a news text titled “The Betrayal of the U.S.–Israel in Violating the Ceasefire with Iran.” Data were collected through audio-visual observation and documentation, and analyzed using categorization and rubrication devices. The findings indicate that Metro TV constructs reality through a dichotomous schema of “us” versus “them.” Iran is represented as a defensive, legitimate, and diplomatically oriented actor, while the U.S. and Israel are framed as aggressive, inconsistent, and violators of international norms. At the rubrication level, the conflict is positioned within the domains of international politics and humanitarian crisis, implicitly marginalizing economic and structural geopolitical dimensions. These findings confirm that media coverage is not neutral, but reflects ideological tendencies that shape public perception. This study contributes to political communication and media studies by reinforcing the role of media as an agent of symbolic construction in global conflict discourse. The findings in this study also show the importance of media literacy in understanding international conflict reporting, because media can construct reality through diction choices, actor labeling, and the highlighting of certain issues that have the potential to influence how audiences interpret an event.
Copyright (c) 2026 Faisal Ibrahim, Nawiroh Vera https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of Librarian Knowledge Management in a Developing Regional Library
This study examines the implementation of librarian knowledge management at the Pakpak Bharat Regional Library using the Wiig Model. It aims to describe how librarians build, store, share, and use knowledge in library activities, as well as to identify supporting and inhibiting factors in its implementation. This study employed an exploratory qualitative method. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and were analyzed based on the four stages of the Wiig Model: building knowledge, holding knowledge, pooling knowledge, and using knowledge. The findings indicate that knowledge management has begun to be implemented through work experience, leadership guidance, training, self-directed learning, standard operating procedures, archives, INLISLite, Bindella Pakpak, staff discussions, and user services. However, its implementation is not yet fully structured due to limited human resources, the absence of librarians with a library science background, irregular training, and limited documentation of work experiences. This study provides an empirical overview of early knowledge management practices among librarians in a developing regional library.
Copyright (c) 2026 Ela Febrita Tinendung, Abdi Mubarak Syam https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Reforestation of the Rehabilitation Zone of Mutis Timau National Park to Enhance the Regeneration of Ampupu (Eucalyptus urophylla)
Mutis Timau National Park is the newest national park designated in East Nusa Tenggara and was declared the 56th national park in Indonesia on 8 September 2024 by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry. Located across South Central Timor, North Central Timor, Kupang, and Belu Regencies, and partially bordering Timor-Leste, this area is widely known as the “Mother of Timor Island.” Ampupu (E. urophylla), a drought-adapted and fire-resistant species, dominates this region; however, its natural regeneration has continued to decline. This community service activity aimed to support the conservation and regeneration of Ampupu through reforestation in the rehabilitation zone using native species, namely naturally growing seedlings collected from their original habitat. Prior assessment of site conditions and previous research in the area supported the selection of this approach. A total of 100 Ampupu seedlings were planted and maintained intensively, resulting in a survival rate of 89%. The high survival rate was supported by the use of locally sourced seedlings, which required minimal adaptation, and by intensive maintenance, including the installation of supporting stakes to protect seedlings from livestock grazing in the forest area. In the short term, reforestation can increase stand productivity, while in the long term, it can enhance the forest’s capacity to store carbon and absorb CO₂ emissions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lusia Sulo Marimpan, Tomycho Olviana, Nixon Rammang, Roni Haposan Sipayung, Ayuvera Rifani Ray https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Community Meaning-Making of PT INALUM’s CSR Program in MSME Development in Batu Bara Regency
This study examines community meaning-making of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) program implemented by PT Indonesia Asahan Aluminium (PT INALUM) in the development of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Batu Bara Regency. It aims to describe how the community interprets the CSR program and to identify the factors influencing such interpretations. This study employed a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation involving five informants consisting of assisted MSME actors and surrounding community members. The data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings indicate that most informants interpreted PT INALUM’s CSR program positively because it was perceived to provide benefits for business development, environmental awareness, and social relations within the community. Based on Stuart Hall’s reception theory, the informants’ interpretations tended to fall within the dominant-hegemonic position, although elements of a negotiated position also appeared in the form of expectations for more continuous mentoring and program socialization. These interpretations were influenced by perceived program benefits, company communication, community involvement, and local social conditions. This study provides an empirical overview of community reception of CSR programs in the context of MSME development, without intending to measure the program’s impact quantitatively.
Copyright (c) 2026 Putri Balqis Maharani Siregar, Indira Fatra Deni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Microsoft Excel and Google Form Training for Administrative Data Management of Hamlet Heads in Wedomartani
The administration of hamlets at the grassroots level requires orderly data management and clear information presentation to support effective public services. Hamlet heads (Kepala Padukuhan) in Wedomartani Village still face limitations in processing administrative data and presenting information digitally, as recording activities largely rely on manual methods and paper-based forms. This community service activity aims to improve the competence of hamlet heads in administrative data processing and information visualization through the use of Microsoft Excel and Google Form. The activity was carried out through three stages, namely preparation, training implementation, and mentoring with evaluation, using participatory and learning by doing approaches. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test, direct observation, and a participant satisfaction questionnaire. The results showed an increase in the average participant mastery score from 37.2% in the pre-test to 81.6% in the post-test, an improvement of 44.4 points across the five trained competency aspects. Participants were able to process administrative data, create tables and simple charts in Microsoft Excel, and design digital forms with Google Form for community data collection. The activity also produced ready-to-use Excel and Google Form templates. It is concluded that practical and applicable training effectively strengthens the digital capacity of hamlet heads and supports more orderly, accurate, and efficient administrative governance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aloysius Agus Subagyo, Asyahri Hadi Nasyuha, Wijang Widhiarso, Mesti Woro Mahatmi, Catur Setyono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of Education System Evaluation Policy through the Utilization of Education Report Cards in Junior Secondary Schools
The Education Report Card supports education system evaluation and data-based planning at the school level. This study analyzes its implementation at SMP Negeri 1 Sawit Seberang and identifies supporting and inhibiting factors. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, with data collected through interviews, observation, and documentation involving school stakeholders. Data were analyzed using George C. Edwards III’s policy implementation framework: communication, resources, disposition, and bureaucratic structure. The findings show that the Education Report Card has been used for school reflection, planning, and program development, although its utilization remains suboptimal. Supporting factors include internal communication, stakeholder commitment, planning documents, and the school quality assurance team. Inhibiting factors include uneven teacher understanding, limited communication with parents, inadequate facilities, and flood-related damage to learning resources. Strengthening data literacy, teacher capacity, stakeholder communication, and educational facilities is therefore necessary to optimize the Education Report Card for school improvement planning.
Copyright (c) 2026 Siska Purnama Sari, Yanhar Jamaluddin, Beby Masitho Batubara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Implementation of Wayground Interactive Quiz-Based Learning Media on Students’ Interest in Learning Fiqh
Fiqh learning at the Islamic junior secondary school level requires learning media that can support students’ attention and engagement, particularly when the subject matter is often perceived as normative. This study aimed to examine the difference in the improvement of students’ interest in learning Fiqh between those taught using Wayground interactive quiz-based learning media and those taught through conventional instruction. This research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental method and a pretest-posttest control group design. The sample consisted of 54 eighth-grade students at MTs Al-Mahrus Medan Deli, including 27 students in class VIII B as the experimental group and 27 students in class VIII A as the control group. The research instrument was a 20-item questionnaire measuring students’ interest in learning Fiqh, which was found to be reliable with a Cronbach’s Alpha value of 0.920. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the Shapiro-Wilk normality test, Levene’s homogeneity test, and the Mann-Whitney U test. The results showed that the mean gain score of the experimental group was 13.33, while that of the control group was 3.22. The Mann-Whitney U test yielded an Asymp. Sig. value of < 0.001, indicating a significant difference in the improvement of students’ learning interest between the two groups. These findings suggest that Wayground can be used as a supporting learning medium to enhance students’ interest in learning Fiqh within the context of this study.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Habibi Rangkuti, Hasan Matsum https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Guidance and Counseling Teachers’ Role in Students’ Emotional Maturity at MAN 1 Medan
This study aims to analyze the role of the guidance and counseling teacher in supporting the development of emotional maturity among Grade XI students at MAN 1 Medan. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach involving one guidance and counseling teacher as the main informant and two Grade XI students as supporting informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data trustworthiness was strengthened through source and technique triangulation. The findings indicate that some students’ emotional maturity was still developing, as reflected in irritability, difficulty controlling anger, anxiety when facing academic pressure, and strong influence from peers and family conditions. The guidance and counseling teacher supported students through classroom guidance, information services, group guidance, individual counseling, and an empathetic personal approach. These services helped students recognize their emotions, calm themselves, consider their responses before acting, and become more open in expressing personal problems. The findings suggest that guidance and counseling services can serve as a practical school-based support strategy for gradually and contextually developing students’ emotional maturity.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elsi Sumita Harahap, Abdurrahman Abdurrahman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Intercultural Communication of the National Integration Forum in Maintaining Local Harmony
This study examines the intercultural communication strategies used by the Forum Pembauran Kebangsaan of North Tapanuli Regency in maintaining local-wisdom-based harmony. North Tapanuli is a multicultural region shaped by ethnic, religious, and cultural diversity, making intercultural communication important for sustaining social cohesion. This study used a qualitative phenomenological approach involving twelve informants selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and documentation, and were analyzed thematically. The findings indicate two main strategies. First, the Forum Pembauran Kebangsaan internalizes local cultural values, such as Dalihan Na Tolu, ojo adigang adigung adiguna, and dima bumi dipijak disinan langik dijunjuang, as shared ethical references in cross-cultural relations. Second, the forum applies inclusive and adaptive dialogue by involving community, religious, traditional, and government actors. Supporting factors include shared local values, stakeholder involvement, and government support, while obstacles include hoaxes, sensitive ethnicity-religion issues, limited funding, and low youth participation. Practically, the study suggests that local wisdom can serve as a communication basis for strengthening dialogue, preventing social misunderstanding, and guiding more participatory harmony programs in multicultural communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Nazar Luthfi Tambunan, Rubino Rubino, Farhan Indra, Ahmad Sujai Tanjung https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Cultural Communication in Promoting Tebing Tinggi Local Wisdom through Putera Puteri Tebing Tinggi’s Instagram
Social media enables local organizations to introduce cultural identity and local values to wider audiences. This study analyzes how the Instagram account of Putera Puteri Tebing Tinggi promotes the local wisdom of Tebing Tinggi City from a cultural communication perspective. A descriptive qualitative approach was used, with data collected through observation of Instagram posts, content documentation, and interviews with account managers. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña through data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings show that the account is used mainly for organizational publication, event promotion, and participant image building rather than for sustained promotion of local wisdom. Local cultural elements, such as traditional attire, appear in several posts, but are rarely supported by educational narratives explaining their meanings, values, and contexts. The account therefore has strong potential as a cultural communication medium, but requires a more focused content strategy. Recommended actions include developing a cultural content calendar, creating regular local wisdom education rubrics, and collaborating with cultural communities to strengthen the promotion of local culture.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fathir Syah Amir Sitompul, Nursapia Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
POAC-Based Communication Governance of Islamic Religious Extension in Multiethnic Urban Asahan
This study examines the communication governance of Islamic religious extension in multiethnic urban communities in Asahan Regency using the POAC framework. A qualitative case study was conducted with seven informants, including Islamic religious extension officers, Ministry of Religious Affairs officials, religious leaders, and community members from different ethnic backgrounds. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, then analyzed thematically. The findings show that planning involved adaptive audience mapping, issue-based message selection, and multichannel media use, although written communication plans remained limited. Organizing was reflected in coordination among extension officers and collaboration with religious leaders, educational institutions, and local government. Actuating combined interpersonal, group, and digital communication to reach diverse audiences. Controlling was the weakest function because evaluation still relied mainly on activity reports and informal feedback rather than standardized indicators. This study positions religious extension officers as communication managers, not merely message transmitters. It recommends a more structured, documented, and evaluative communication governance system for Islamic religious extension in multiethnic urban communities.
Copyright (c) 2026 Faisal Fahmi Rambe, Abdurrahman Abdurrahman, Fathur Rohman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Institutional Trust as a Mediator between Political Efficacy and Voter Participation
This study examines institutional trust as a mediator between political efficacy and voter participation after the 2024 local election in Medan, Indonesia. A quantitative cross-sectional correlational design was used with 275 voters selected through convenience sampling. Data were collected through an online survey measuring political efficacy, institutional trust in the General Elections Commission (KPU), and voter participation. Pearson correlations and mediation analysis with 5,000 bootstrap resamples were applied. The results showed positive associations among all variables. Institutional trust significantly mediated the association between political efficacy and voter participation (B = 0.11, SE = 0.03, 95% CI [0.06, 0.17]) and accounted for 20.5% of the total association, while the direct association remained significant (B = 0.42, 95% CI [0.31, 0.53]). These findings indicate partial mediation: citizens’ confidence in their political competence is associated with participation both directly and through their evaluation of electoral institutional credibility. The study highlights institutional trust as an evaluative mechanism in local democratic participation and recommends strengthening political literacy, transparent election administration, and accessible public communication.
Copyright (c) 2026 Robby Effendi, Suaidah Lubis, Anggi Mutia Dewi, Tania Salsabila Hasibuan, Dwi Putri, Fransisca Mularia Butar Butar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Implementation of the Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) Cake Application in Supporting EFL Students' Speaking Practice
This study investigated the implementation of the Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) Cake application in supporting EFL students' speaking practice at Al Ikhlas Islamic Boarding School Ujung Bone. An explanatory sequential mixed-methods design was used. Quantitative data were collected through a questionnaire administered to 35 tenth-grade students who had used the Cake application, followed by semi-structured interviews with seven selected participants. The findings indicate that students perceived the application as a useful tool for speaking practice because it increased motivation and self-confidence, reduced speaking anxiety, and encouraged positive attitudes toward technology-assisted language learning. Students also valued its engaging materials, interactive speaking activities, pronunciation feedback, and flexible access, which supported more frequent practice beyond the classroom. The study concludes that the Cake application can serve as a complementary MALL tool for supporting speaking practice in EFL contexts by promoting motivation, confidence, and active engagement. However, the findings represent students’ perceptions rather than objectively measured improvements in speaking performance.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muh. Rusyaid, Nurdin Noni, Muhammad Tahir, St. Nur Aima Fatima https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Development of a Spiritual Quantum Smile-Based Group Guidance Model to Improve Students’ Psychological Well-Being
This study aimed to develop a Spiritual Quantum Smile-based group guidance model to improve students’ psychological well-being. A research and development approach was implemented through needs analysis, planning, product development, expert validation, practicality testing, revision, and limited effectiveness testing. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observation, and documentation. The product was validated by material and media experts, assessed for practicality by a guidance and counseling teacher and students, and tested using a one-group pre-test and post-test design involving 10 students. The model consists of five stages: Smile Awareness, Smile Reflection, Smile Connection, Smile Spiritualization, and Smile Empowerment. Material expert validation reached 88.89%, media expert validation 74.44%, teacher practicality 90.00%, and student practicality 94.75%. The mean psychological well-being score increased from 65.50 to 102.30 (p < 0.001). The model was rated valid and practical, and post-test psychological well-being scores were higher than pre-test scores in the limited one-group trial; broader testing with a control group is required before causal effectiveness can be established.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lutfiah Azzahra Ismail, Abdullah Sinring, Sahril Buchori https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Development and Validation of a Fanoroho-Based Group Guidance Model for Students' Speaking Politeness
This study aimed to describe the need for, develop, and examine the validity and practicality of a Yali cultural values-based group guidance model to support students’ speaking politeness at SMP Negeri Hubakma. The study used a Research and Development approach by adapting selected stages of the Borg and Gall model: research and information gathering, planning, preliminary product development, expert validation, revision, limited field testing, and practicality testing. Data were collected through interviews, questionnaires, observations, document analysis, and focus group discussions, then analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The findings showed that counselors and students needed a culturally relevant group guidance model to improve speaking politeness. The developed model consists of five stages: Nori Maniek, Kema Laruk Laep, Fanoroho, Halefulen, and Wereg. Material expert validation reached 81.09% and media expert validation 84.45%, both categorized as highly valid. Practicality testing produced scores of 91% from school counselors, categorized as highly practical, and 76% from students, categorized as practical. Therefore, the model is valid, practical, and feasible as an alternative group guidance service to support students’ speaking politeness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Musdin Musakkir, Sahril Buchori, Abdullah Pandang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Design and Evaluation of a Web-Based Employee Performance Appraisal System Using Weighted Key Performance Indicators
Employee performance appraisal in small and medium-sized organizations is often constrained by non-standardized indicators, fragmented records, and limited traceability of managerial decisions. This study designed and evaluated a web-based performance appraisal system for PT Naymas Mahkota Abadi using a weighted Key Performance Indicator (KPI) framework. Requirements were elicited through observation and structured interviews with the Human Resources Department and the Director. Six cross-divisional indicators were defined—attendance, work quality, work targets, attitude and behavior, teamwork, and initiative and responsibility—with weights totaling 100%. System construction followed Rapid Application Development and implemented role-based access for Human Resources, the Director, and employees. Functional verification used 20 black-box scenarios covering valid, invalid, boundary, and authorization conditions; all scenarios produced the expected outputs. A pilot User Acceptance Test with five users yielded an overall score of 90.8%. The system therefore demonstrated functional correctness and high initial user acceptance in the case organization. However, the uniform KPI weights, single-rater appraisal structure, and small acceptance-test sample limit broader generalization and do not establish improvements in employee performance. The contribution is a transparent, traceable, and operationally simple KPI configuration for centralized appraisal settings.
Copyright (c) 2026 Amanda Zachra Harahap, Rakhmat Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Practice-Based Digital Marketing and Coding Training to Strengthen Students’ Entrepreneurial Competencies at Bina Satria School
This community service program implemented practice-based digital marketing and coding training to strengthen students’ digital entrepreneurship competencies at Bina Satria School. The program integrated experiential learning and project-based learning through website development using HTML, PHP, and MySQL, product catalog management, and digital promotion activities. Thirty students participated in six groups. Data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, identical pre-test and post-test questionnaires, and project assessment. The 12-item questionnaire was reviewed by three experts. Internal consistency testing yielded Cronbach’s α = 0.683 and standardized Cronbach’s α = 0.715. Before the training, 83.3% of participants reported no or limited understanding; after the training, 73.3% reported understanding or high understanding. All six groups completed functional website projects with scores ranging from 88 to 91. The findings indicate an aggregate shift toward higher understanding and support the practical feasibility of integrating coding and digital marketing in contextual entrepreneurship training. Because the evaluation used categorical descriptive data without a comparison group or paired inferential analysis, the findings do not establish the program’s causal effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Linda Wahyuni, Rika Rosnelly, Soeheri Soeheri, Chairul Rizal, Hardianto Hardianto, Andika Wiratama, Afandi Maulana https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Web-Based Clothing Sales Prediction Information System Using Linear Regression at Grosir 21.12 Store
Wholesale apparel businesses need category-level forecasts to support stock planning, yet short and volatile sales series can make simple models unreliable. This study developed and evaluated a web-based sales forecasting system for Grosir 21.12 Store using ordinary least squares linear regression. A total of 4,063 transaction records from January 2024 to December 2025 were aggregated into 24 monthly observations for 15 clothing categories. Evaluation used a chronological split of 20 training months and four testing months, with a three-month simple moving average as the baseline. Across 14 categories with defined test MAPE values, linear regression produced a mean MAPE of 92.29%, compared with 62.98% for the moving-average baseline; regression was better in only two categories. The system nevertheless generated explicit category trends, automated forecasts, and role-based reports, while all 12 black-box scenarios produced the expected outputs. The findings show that the application is functionally feasible, but linear regression should be treated as a transparent trend baseline rather than an operationally accurate stock-forecasting model. Future evaluation should use longer series, seasonal and exogenous predictors, robust error measures, and prospective business outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Sriy Sundari, Rakhmat Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Communication Strategies and Personal Branding Education for Adolescent Life Planning and Early Marriage Prevention
This community service program examined the use of educational, persuasive, and participatory communication strategies combined with personal-branding education to strengthen junior high school students’ understanding of life planning and early-marriage prevention. The activity was conducted at SMP Negeri 8 Banjarmasin with 30 students and included a pre-test, interactive presentations, educational videos, discussion, reflection, quizzes, and a post-test. A 10-item yes/no questionnaire assessed knowledge related to marriage-age planning and personal branding, and the results were analyzed descriptively using frequencies and percentages. Across the 10 indicators, affirmative responses increased from 30.0–50.0% at pre-test to 83.3–93.3% at post-test. The largest percentage-point gains concerned knowledge of the recommended marriage age for women under the BKKBN Pendewasaan Usia Perkawinan program (33.3% to 86.7%) and understanding of personal branding (30.0% to 83.3%). The findings show a descriptive increase in students’ immediate knowledge after the activity. Because the evaluation used a single-group pre-test/post-test design without a control group or inferential testing, the results should not be interpreted as causal evidence of program effectiveness.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maulida Hidayah, Ade Nur Atikasari, Nasrudin Nasrudin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Students’ Informal Learning Practices and Social Interaction in a University Library
University libraries can support individual study as well as informal interaction, but evidence from a single setting should not be used to infer an institutional transformation. This study examines how students describe and enact “intellectual hangout” practices at the Library of Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi. A qualitative case study design was used. Data were drawn from observation, interviews with 12 students and 2 librarians, and documentation. The available data show that participants combined social interaction with academic activities, particularly assignment discussions, collaborative work, information exchange, internet use, and computer use. Students also described the library as relatively comfortable and conducive to focusing. These findings indicate observed academic-social practices and several characteristics associated with an informal learning space and, more cautiously, a third place. However, the study does not establish that the library has fully transformed into a third place or that these activities improve academic performance. Practical implications concern zoning, flexible collaborative areas, digital access, and routine user-feedback mechanisms.
Copyright (c) 2026 Star Level Rambe, Faisal Riza https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Decision Tree Classification of Rule-Based MSME Sector Labels for Widowed and Divorced Women Using Socioeconomic Factors
Widowed and divorced women may rely on micro, small, and medium enterprises to sustain household income, yet preliminary sector screening requires a consistent and transparent mechanism. This study developed a Decision Tree model to classify three rule-based MSME sector labels using demographic and economic characteristics. The dataset comprised 3,659 women aged 18–59 years in Kabanjahe District, Karo Regency, Indonesia. Age, occupation, marital-status category, monthly income, number of dependents, and business-ownership status were used as predictors. The target labels—culinary, fashion and handicrafts, and services and creative products—were constructed from predefined weighting rules. After preprocessing and a stratified 80:20 split, evaluation on 732 test records yielded 94.81% accuracy, 94.86% weighted precision, 94.81% weighted recall, and a 94.75% weighted F1-score. Low-income status had the highest impurity-based feature importance (43.11%), followed by the 18–25 age category (12.05%). The model consistently reproduced the constructed labels and produced interpretable decision rules. However, the results do not establish real-world sector suitability or business success because the labels were generated from the same predictor attributes rather than independent expert judgments or observed business outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rahmatsyah Ananta Putra Ginting, Rakhmat Kurniawan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Mapping Contextual and Interdisciplinary Practices toward Transdisciplinary Islamic Religious Education
This exploratory qualitative case study maps contextual and interdisciplinary practices reported by two lecturers in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning at UIN Sumatera Utara. Data were drawn from two guided interviews conducted on 23 June 2026, each lasting 10–15 minutes, and organized through descriptive coding. The analysis produced four themes: linking Islamic values with social and digital issues; drawing on psychology, culture, and educational technology; positioning technology as both a learning medium and an object of inquiry; and identifying epistemic and pedagogical challenges. The findings indicate lecturer-reported contextualization and early interdisciplinary integration. They do not establish program-wide transdisciplinary implementation or measurable student impact because the unit of analysis is limited to lecturer perspectives. The study contributes a diagnostic map and derives practical implications for case-based tasks, explicit disciplinary roles, substantive digital assessment, and staged learning support.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mohammad Al-Farabi, Annida Azhari Ritonga, Mentari Asshiddiqie, Fahmi Al-munawwar, Imammuddin Zengi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Implementation of Islamic Religious Counseling for Children’s Spiritual Awareness at LPKA Class I Medan
This qualitative study describes the implementation of Islamic religious counseling for juvenile inmates at LPKA Class I Medan, Tanjung Gusta, focusing on stakeholder roles, program activities, perceived changes, and constraints. Data were collected on April 21, 2026, from one Islamic religious counselor, one LPKA officer, and ten juvenile inmates aged 15–20 years through observation, semi-structured interviews, and documentation. The program included Qur’anic learning, religious lectures, discussions, individual counseling, and self-reflection, generally conducted once a week. Informants and observational data indicated participation in religious activities, improved worship routines, changes in interpersonal behavior, and increased self-reflection. However, the findings do not establish long-term behavioral change or causal program effectiveness. Reported constraints included limited time, differences in motivation and religious backgrounds, and participants’ emotional conditions. The study highlights the need for systematic documentation, adaptive counseling methods, and regular program evaluation.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muhammad Raihan Apriza, Misrah Misrah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Testing Organizational Commitment Mediation between Transformational Leadership and OCB in a Palm Oil Mill
This study examined organizational commitment as a mediator between transformational leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) among 137 employees of PKS Tanjung Seumantoh, PTPN IV Regional VI. An explanatory quantitative census design was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS 23. Transformational leadership was positively associated with organizational commitment (B = 0.852; β = 0.795; p < 0.001), and organizational commitment was positively associated with OCB (B = 1.095; β = 0.850; p < 0.001). The total association between transformational leadership and OCB was positive (β = 0.673), whereas the direct effect after including the mediator was not significant (β = -0.006; p = 0.935). Bias-corrected bootstrapping with 2,000 resamples yielded an indirect effect of 0.676 (SE = 0.073; 95% CI [0.538, 0.824]), supporting full mediation. The findings provide a diagnostic basis for supervisor development, employee feedback mechanisms, and cross-unit collaboration, while the effects of subsequent interventions remain unevaluated.
Copyright (c) 2026 Elsy Pratama Putri, Hasanuddin Hasanuddin, Suryani Hardjo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Sentence-Writing Patterns and Linguistic Challenges among Indonesian Primary EFL Learners
Sentence writing provides insight into young EFL learners’ developing control of grammar, vocabulary, syntax, and writing conventions. This study investigated recurring sentence-writing patterns and linguistic challenges among Grade Six EFL learners in one Indonesian primary school. Using a qualitative descriptive document-analysis design, 28 students each produced five sentences through a picture-based task, yielding 140 sentence units. Data were analyzed through sentence-level qualitative content coding supported by descriptive frequencies and percentages. The findings showed that 36.4% of the sentences were complete without major structural problems, while 50.0% were complete but problematic. Non-standard or unidentifiable constructions accounted for 37.1% of the data, whereas S+V+C was the most frequent recognizable pattern at 33.6%. Recurrent challenges included vocabulary choice, word order, verb form and use, article or determiner use, capitalization, and subject–verb agreement. These context-specific findings may help primary-school English teachers identify sentence-level areas requiring instructional attention. However, the findings are limited to one class, one school, and one picture-based task.
Copyright (c) 2026 Muh. Al Fachrizah Fitra, Achmad Fajar Muhammad, Sultan Baa, Ulvah Sari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Diagnosing a Perceived Democratic Paradox in Student Elections
Student elections may follow formal procedures while substantive competition is perceived as being shaped by organizational affiliation, senior networks, and unequal opportunities for deliberation. This qualitative single-case study examines this tension at the Faculty of Ushuluddin and Islamic Studies, UIN Sumatera Utara, through the Islamic political-ethical principles of musyawarah, al-'adl, amanah, and ukhuwah. Data were collected on 18–20 May 2026 through semi-structured interviews with six informants, observations of SEMAF and DEMAF election processes, and reviews of relevant organizational and electoral documents. Thematic analysis identified three patterns: affiliation networks were perceived to influence organizational choices and electoral support; limited cross-group communication was associated with personalized tension; and participants expected more transparent, equal, and accountable procedures. The findings do not establish electoral invalidity, coercion, preferential treatment, or abuse of power. Islamic political ethics is therefore used as an interpretive framework for a proposed governance pilot rather than as an intervention whose effectiveness has been tested. The study offers a context-specific diagnostic and practical agenda involving transparent rules, equal access to candidate forums, conflict-of-interest disclosure, neutral grievance mechanisms, and cross-group dialogue with measurable process indicators.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lia Agita Sari, Elly Warnisyah Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Human Resource Competence, Entrepreneurial Motivation, and Digital MSME Success
Digital transformation does not automatically improve the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises because technology creates value only when business owners possess adequate managerial and digital capabilities. This study examines the effects of human resource competence and entrepreneurial motivation on digital business success and assesses the moderating role of digital literacy. A quantitative survey involved 120 owners or managers of micro, small, and medium enterprises in Makassar, South Sulawesi. Respondents were selected through purposive sampling, and the data were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Human resource competence, entrepreneurial motivation, and digital literacy positively affected business success; digital literacy also strengthened both focal relationships, and the model explained 63.7% of the variance in business success. As an applied contribution, the findings are translated into an evidence-to-action framework specifying stakeholder co-design, pilot implementation, process evaluation, and outcome evaluation. These downstream phases are proposed from the survey evidence and are not presented as activities already implemented or evaluated.
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatmasari Fatmasari, Hasriani Hasriani, Hardi Hardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Association Between the Quality of Agricultural Educational Content on Instagram and Urban Farming Self-Efficacy Among Urban Generation Z
Instagram is widely used to distribute educational information, including urban farming content. This cross-sectional study examined the association between perceived quality of educational content on the Instagram account @infarm.id and urban farming self-efficacy among urban Generation Z. A purposive online survey involved 120 respondents aged 18–29 years who lived in urban areas and had viewed @infarm.id educational content at least twice. The measurement and structural models were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling in SmartPLS 4. Perceived educational-content quality was positively associated with urban farming self-efficacy (β = 0.794; t = 22.843; p < 0.001; 95% CI [0.706, 0.849]), and the model explained 64.1% of the variance in self-efficacy. Because the design was cross-sectional, purposive, and based on self-reported perceptions collected at one time point, the findings indicate association rather than causal impact or actual adoption of urban farming.
Copyright (c) 2026 Vanesa Aurelia, Taufik Setyadi, Wahyu Santoso https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Recovery Agents’ Group Communication Dynamics in Supporting Resilience through Community-Based Intervention
This study examines the dynamics of group communication among recovery agents in building the resilience of former drug addicts in Sekip Village, Lubuk Pakam District, Deli Serdang Regency, North Sumatra. The study is grounded in the local vulnerability of Sekip Village to drug abuse and illicit drug circulation, as indicated by its classification as a high-risk area in the 2021 Drug-Prone Area Map issued by the National Narcotics Agency of Indonesia. In this context, community-based recovery efforts are important because access to formal rehabilitation services remains uneven, particularly for socially and economically vulnerable groups. This study employed a qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, observation, documentation, and source triangulation. The findings show that recovery agents play roles as facilitators, mentors, communicators, and connectors between former drug addicts and available social resources. Group communication dynamics create a safe psychological climate, strengthen social support, encourage openness, and support adaptive coping mechanisms. Supporting factors include community involvement, village government support, coordination among recovery agents, and guidance from authorized institutions. Meanwhile, inhibiting factors include social stigma, limited facilities, limited funding, and internal differences of opinion. The study concludes that group communication among recovery agents contributes to the resilience-building process by helping former drug addicts maintain recovery motivation, prevent relapse, and reintegrate into society.
Copyright (c) 2026 Esdras Idi Alfero Ginting, Dewi Kurniawati, Maulana Andinata Dalimunthe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The Effect of Professionalism on Performance Moderated by Transformational Leadership in the Brimob Unit of North Sumatra
This Study The Indonesian National Police is one of the institutions responsible for providing services to the public, so the Indonesian National Police are required to provide the best service to the community by demonstrating good, professional and reliable performance in their field. Professionalism plays a crucial role in achieving optimal performance in the Brimob Unit. This includes improving the skills, knowledge, and attitudes of Brimob members so that they are able to carry out tasks effectively, especially in high-risk situations. In addition, optimal performance in the police organisation cannot be separated from leadership factors. The study was conducted on 232 personnel. The results of the study indicate that professionalism affects performance moderated by transformational leadership. Based on the data analysis results, it was found that the fourth hypothesis was accepted. This is based on the p-value and t-statistic in the inner model analysis of the specific indirect effect output, where the p-value is 0.017 < 0.05, and the t-statistic is 2.390 > 1.96. With an effect size of 0.128 (12.8%). Alternatively, it can be seen in the comparison between the direct effect of Professionalism on Performance, which has an effect value of -0.110 (-11%), smaller than the indirect effect of Professionalism on Performance through Transformational Leadership which has an indirect effect value of 0.128 (12.8%).
Copyright (c) 2026 Nofri Hidayat, Siti Aisyah, Patisina Patisina https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Local Governance of Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meal Program
This qualitative single-case study examines the local governance of Indonesia’s Free Nutritious Meal (MBG) Program in Mudik Village through distributive, procedural, and social justice, interpreted using Al-Māwardī’s principles of al-‘adl, amanah, and maslahah. Data were obtained from five purposively selected informants, field observation, and local program documents during 15 Februari–30 Maret 2025. Data were analyzed through data reduction, thematic display, and interpretive comparison across sources and techniques. The available local record listed 171 recipients, comprising 152 toddlers and 19 breastfeeding mothers; however, it did not separately report pregnant women, and the village population figure in the draft was inconsistent. Informants described gaps in beneficiary updating, access to information, distribution timing, and the accessibility of centralized collection at the village hall. Recipient accounts indicated that the meals supported access to prepared food and could reduce food expenditure on distribution days, but the study did not measure nutritional outcomes, household economic impact, or program effectiveness. The study concludes that the local implementation shows administrative effort and perceived practical value, while fair implementation requires verifiable beneficiary data, accessible communication, correction and complaint mechanisms, and distribution arrangements responsive to recipient conditions. The findings are contextual because they are based on one village and five informants.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nia Putri Ramadhani Polem, Elly Warnisyah Harahap https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Journalistic Ethics and Communicative Morality Transformation
Traffic accidents in Indonesia remain strongly associated with human factors, indicating the limitations of sanction-based safety approaches. This study synthesizes journalistic communication morality and traffic ethics, analyzes Law Number 22 of 2009 as a normative communicative text, and proposes the Communicative Morality Transformation Model (CMTM). Using library research with a theoretical-normative approach, the study combines documentary analysis, normative text analysis, cross-domain theoretical synthesis, and limited semi-structured interviews with three purposively selected informants. The findings identify ethical dimensions within traffic regulation, structural similarities between journalistic and traffic ethics, and four stages of communicative morality: Coercive, Calculative, Normative, and Autonomous. The model provides a framework for designing traffic-safety messages and policy interventions according to users’ moral orientation. Limited interview evidence supports the model’s plausibility, but broader empirical validation is required before wider application.
Copyright (c) 2026 M. Yoserizal Saragih, Muhari Syahlaili Saragih https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
This study examines the effect of Adaptive Selling Capability on Selling Performance through Emotional Intelligence in pharmaceutical sales. Using a quantitative PLS-SEM approach, data were collected from 52 sales representatives through total sampling. The results show that Adaptive Selling Capability significantly improves Emotional Intelligence, while Emotional Intelligence significantly improves Selling Performance. Adaptive Selling Capability has no significant direct effect on Selling Performance, but its indirect effect through Emotional Intelligence is positive and significant, indicating indirect-only mediation. The findings support Social Cognitive Theory and highlight the importance of Emotional Intelligence training and coaching to help sales representatives manage pressure, customer rejection, and interactions effectively.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jefri Adikin Tarigan, Teofilus Teofilus https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0