Implementation of Smart Feeder Based on Internet of Things (IoT) for Fish Aquarium
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55537/cosie.v5i1.1292Keywords:
Internet of Things, Smart Feeder, Ornamental Fish Aquarium, Water Quality, Feeding AutomationAbstract
Household aquarium maintenance is generally performed manually, including feeding, monitoring temperature and turbidity, and water replacement, which is time-consuming and may reduce water quality, leading to stress or fish mortality. Although Internet of Things (IoT) technology has developed, its application in household aquariums remains limited. This study designed and implemented an IoT-based smart feeder with automatic feeding, water quality monitoring, and automatic water replacement using ESP32, DS18B20 temperature sensor, turbidity sensor, ultrasonic sensor, RTC, servo motor, water pump, and the Blynk application, applying a prototyping method. Tests showed the DS18B20 sensor had an average error of ±1.55% with 98.45% accuracy and ±1.5 s response time; the turbidity sensor distinguished clear and turbid conditions with 99% accuracy and ±2 s response; the ultrasonic sensor reached 92%; feed distribution achieved 98.6% with 1.2 s servo response; and water replacement achieved 66.7%–90% depending on turbidity threshold, with Blynk latency <2 s. Overall, the system achieved an average success rate of 91.5%, reducing manual workload, maintaining optimal water quality, and improving user convenience, while providing opportunities for further IoTbased aquarium automation development at the household scale
Downloads
References
[1] S. H. Hoseinifar et al., “Sustainable Ornamental Fish Aquaculture: The Implication of Microbial Feed Additives,” May 01, 2023, MDPI. doi: 10.3390/ani13101583.
[2] A. Hassebo and M. Tealab, “Global Models of Smart Cities and Potential IoT Applications: A Review,” Sep. 01, 2023, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). doi: 10.3390/iot4030017.
[3] R. A. A. Kristy, A. Subki, M. Zulpahmi, and L. D. Samsumar, “Perancangan Sistem IoT Monitoring dan Smart Feed pada Ikan Hias,” Journal of Computer Science and Informatics Engineering, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 149–160, 2024, doi: 10.55537/cosie.v3i4.923.
[4] I. Setiawan, R. Fauzi, and S. Abdullah, “27 Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License Merancang Bangun Sistem Pakan Otomatis Berbasis Intenet Of Things (Smart Feeder),” Jurnal Informatika Utama, vol. 3, no. 1. pp. 127-137, 2025, doi: 10.55903/jitu.v3i1.274.
[5] A. Hermansyah, T. W. Septian, A. P. Perdana P, and M. M. Faris, “Prototype of Automatic Control System for Water Temperature and Acidity in Ornamental Fish Aquarium Based on Internet of Things (IOT),” Indonesian Journal of Electronics, Electromedical Engineering, and Medical Informatics, vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 187–192, Aug. 2023, doi: 10.35882/ijeeemi.v5i3.272.
[6] F. Burhani, Z. Zaenurrohman, and P. Purwiyanto, “Rancang Bangun Monitoring Akuarium Dan Pakan Ikan Otomatis Berbasis Internet Of Things (IOT),” Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer (JEECOM), vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 62–68, 2022, doi: 10.33650/jeecom.v4i2.4309.
[7] S. Z. Oktaviani and G. P. Insany, “Sistem Monitoring Suhu Dan Pakan Ikan Otomatis Pada Ikan Hias Di Akuarium Berbasis Internet of Things,” ZONAsi: Jurnal Sistem Informasi, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 184–194, 2022, doi: 10.31849/zn.v4i2.11666.
[8] M.-C. Chiu, W.-M. Yan, S. A. Bhat, and N.-F. Huang, “Development of smart aquaculture farm management system using IoT and AI-based surrogate models,” J Agric Food Res, vol. 9, p. 100357, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100357.
[9] M. Ayu, S. Widyati, Y. Anshori, CA Lamasitudju, R. Laila, dan YY Joefrie, “Sistem Pemberian Pakan Ikan dan Kontrol Suhu Otomatis untuk Akuarium Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT)”, JAIC , vol. 9, no. 1, hlm. 146–152, Januari 2025, doi: 10.30871/jaic.v9i1.8847.
[10] N. A. M. Jais, A. F. Abdullah, M. S. M. Kassim, M. M. Abd Karim, and N. Muhadi, “Improved accuracy in IoT-Based water quality monitoring for aquaculture tanks using low-cost sensors: Asian seabass fish farming,” Heliyon, vol. 10, no. 8, 2024, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29022.
[11] M. S. Sheela, S. R. Chand, S. Gopalakrishnan, M. Gopianand, and J. J. Hephzipah, “Empowering aquarists a comprehensive study on IOT-enabled smart aquarium systems for remote monitoring and control,” Babylonian Journal of Internet of Things, vol. 2024, pp. 33–43, 2024, doi: 10.58496/BJIoT/2024/005.
[12] D. Stachowiak and P. Hemmerling, “Development of an Automatic Water Exchange System for Smart Freshwater Aquarium,” Electronics (Switzerland), vol. 11, no. 17, Sep. 2022, doi: 10.3390/electronics11172705.
[13] J. Junaedi and H. Ki, “Smart Aquarium with IoT based as Monitoring in Fish Farming,” bit-Tech, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 116–122, Jun. 2022, doi: 10.32877/bt.v4i3.441.
[14] D. Jean Cross Sihombing, “Exploring prototype methodology in land information system development: design and evaluation of an application-Denny Jean Cross Sihombing Exploring prototype methodology in land information system development: design and evaluation of an application,” Informatika dan Sains, vol. 14, no. 01, p. 2024, doi: 10.54209/infosains.v14i01.
[15] F. N. Muhamad, D. T. Yulianto, and M. A. Aulia Fathurohman, “Aquarium Monitoring and Automatic Feeding System Based on Internet of Things,” International Journal of Research and Applied Technology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 123–130, Jun. 2023, doi: 10.34010/injuratech.v3i1.10012.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Misniati Misniati, Lalu Delsi Samsumar, Zaenudin Zaenudin
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
