Authors are responsible for ensuring the originality, integrity, and accuracy of their submitted work. Manuscripts must not have been previously published or simultaneously submitted to another journal, conference proceeding, or publication venue.
All sources, data, ideas, figures, tables, and previously published materials used in the manuscript must be properly acknowledged and cited in accordance with accepted academic standards.
All submissions undergo similarity screening using plagiarism detection software and editorial assessment to identify plagiarism, duplicate publication, inappropriate citation practices, authorship manipulation, or other forms of publication misconduct.
As a general guideline, manuscripts should normally present a similarity index of 20% or lower, excluding references, quotations, and bibliographic materials. Editorial decisions are based on the nature and context of overlapping text rather than similarity scores alone.
Any use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools for language editing, content generation, data analysis, image creation, or other aspects of manuscript preparation must be transparently disclosed by the authors. Authors remain fully responsible for the originality, accuracy, integrity, and validity of all submitted content. Artificial intelligence tools cannot be listed as authors.
