Dissemination of Seagrass Density Information from Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) Mapping to Pengudang Coastal Community

Esty Kurniawati; Indah Kartika; Try Febrianto; Septia Refly; Mario Putra Suhana; Asep Ma’mun; Muhammad Fajar Fajri Fardillah; Muhammad Johar Rudin

doi:10.55537/j-ibm.v5i3.1590

Authors

Esty Kurniawati Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Indah Kartika Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Try Febrianto Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Septia Refly Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Mario Putra Suhana Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Asep Ma’mun Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Muhammad Fajar Fajri Fardillah Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji
Muhammad Johar Rudin Universitas Maritim Raja Ali Haji

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.55537/j-ibm.v5i3.1590

Keywords:

community coastal, dissemination, OBIA, seagrass conservation, seagrass density

Abstract

Pengudang Village, Bintan Regency, Riau Islands, is a coastal area that hosts seagrass ecosystems with high biodiversity. However, this area is increasingly experiencing degradation pressures due to climate change and anthropogenic activities. The limited public knowledge regarding the condition of seagrass ecosystems has become a major obstacle to community-based conservation efforts in the region. This community service activity aimed to disseminate information on seagrass density mapping results using the Object-Based Image Analysis (OBIA) technology to the coastal community of Pengudang. The mapping was conducted at 59 survey points distributed across the shallow waters of Pengudang Village in October 2025. The results identified seven seagrass species with a total coverage area of 344.26 hectares, of which approximately 92% fell into the high-density category. The dissemination of the mapping results was carried out in December 2025 using an interactive outreach method supported by visual media and infographics, and was evaluated through questionnaires distributed to 10 respondents. The evaluation results showed that all assessment indicators were within a score range of 3.7–4.0, categorized as Very Good, with no respondents expressing disagreement regarding either the material or the implementation of the activity. This activity demonstrates that a dissemination approach based on modern mapping technology, delivered through participatory and contextual methods, is effective in improving public understanding, awareness, and conservation motivation among coastal communities toward seagrass ecosystems.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Anthony, K. R. N., Helmstedt, K. J., Bay, L. K., Fidelman, P., Hussey, K. E., Lundgren, P., & Cvitanovic, C. (2020). Interventions to help coral reefs under global change—A complex decision challenge. PLOS ONE, 15(8), e0236399. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0236399

Ardoin, N. M., Bowers, A. W., & Gaillard, E. (2020). Environmental education outcomes for conservation: A systematic review. Biological Conservation, 241, 108224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108224

Blaschke, T., Hay, G. J., Kelly, M., Lang, S., Hofmann, P., Addink, E., & Tiede, D. (2014). Geographic object-based image analysis—Towards a new paradigm. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 87, 180–191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2013.09.014

Br Ginting, D. N., Wicaksono, P., & Farda, N. M. (2024). Mapping seagrass percent cover and biomass in Nusa Lembongan, Bali, Indonesia. Geography, Environment, Sustainability, 17(1), 16–27. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2023-2793

Chollett, I., Garavelli, L., Chequer, A. D., Mumby, P. J., & Box, S. J. (2024). A decision framework for identifying climate-smart conservation and management options for coral reefs. Conservation Science and Practice, 6(1), e13063.

Collier, C. J., Adams, M. P., Langlois, L., Waycott, M., O’Brien, K. R., Maxwell, P. S., & McKenzie, L. J. (2023). Thresholds and links in the relationship between light and seagrass: A synthesis of underwater light and seagrass photobiology. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 281, 108204.

Congalton, R. G., & Green, K. (2009). Assessing the accuracy of remotely sensed data: Principles and practices (2nd ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429052729

COREMAP-CTI. (2020). Status terumbu karang Indonesia 2020. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI.

Cullen-Unsworth, L. C., & Unsworth, R. K. F. (2018). A call for seagrass protection. Science, 361(6401), 446–448. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7318

Cullen-Unsworth, L. C., Jones, B. L. H., Lilley, R. J., & Unsworth, R. K. F. (2021). Secret gardens under the sea: Why we need to talk about seagrass. People and Nature, 3(3), 589–596.

Daru, B. H., & Rock, B. M. (2023). Reorganization of seagrass communities in a changing climate. Nature Plants, 9, 1034–1043. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-023-01445-6

Dewsbury, B. M., Bhat, M. G., & Fourqurean, J. W. (2016). A review of seagrass economic valuations: Gaps and progress in valuation approaches. Ecosystem Services, 18, 68–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.02.010

Duarte, C. M., Losada, I. J., Hendriks, I. E., Mazarrasa, I., & Marbà, N. (2018). The role of coastal plant communities for climate change mitigation and adaptation. Nature Climate Change, 3(11), 961–968. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate1970

Eddy, T. D., Lam, V. W., Reygondeau, G., Cisneros-Montemayor, A. M., Greer, K., Palomares, M. L. D., & Cheung, W. W. (2021). Global decline in capacity of coral reefs to provide ecosystem services. One Earth, 4(9), 1278–1285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2021.08.016

Fachrul, M. F. (2007). Metode sampling bioekologi. Jakarta: PT Bumi Aksara.

Gosari, B. A. J., & Haris, A. (2012). Studi kerapatan dan penutupan jenis lamun di Kepulauan Spermonde. Torani: Jurnal Ilmu Kelautan dan Perikanan, 22(3), 156–162.

Hasyim, A. W., et al. (2021). Benthic habitat mapping using OBIA on Tidung Island, Kepulauan Seribu. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 944, 012035. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/944/1/012035

Heckler, N., Scott, W. R., & Silk, K. J. (2019). Visual media and environmental communication: Engaging audiences with science-based content. Environmental Communication, 13(5), 611–625.

Hossain, M. S., Bujang, J. S., Zakaria, M. H., & Hashim, M. (2020). Application of remote sensing technology for seagrass ecosystem monitoring in Southeast Asian coastal areas. Continental Shelf Research, 110, 124–148.

Lapointe, B. E., Brewton, R. A., Herren, L. W., Porter, J. W., & Hu, C. (2019). Nitrogen enrichment, altered stoichiometry, and coral reef decline at Looe Key, Florida Keys, USA: A 3-decade study. Marine Biology, 166(8), 108. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-019-3538-9

Latuconsina, H., Kamal, M. M., Affandi, R., & Butet, N. A. (2020). Spatial distribution of white-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) on different seagrass bed habitats of Inner Ambon Bay. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis, 12(1), 207–224. https://doi.org/10.29244/jitkt.v12i1.26182

Latuconsina, H., Kamal, M. M., Affandi, R., & Butet, N. A. (2022). Growth and reproductive biology of white-spotted rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus) on different seagrass habitats in Inner Ambon Bay, Indonesia. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 23(1), 273–285. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230130

Lukman, K. M., et al. (2024). Monetary value of ecosystem services in unhealthy seagrass meadows in Indonesia. Ecosystem Services, 67, 101630. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2024.101630

Maxwell, P. S., Pitt, K. A., Burfeind, D. D., Olds, A. D., Babcock, R. C., & Connolly, R. M. (2019). Phenotypic plasticity promotes persistence following severe events: Physiological and morphological responses of seagrass to flooding. Journal of Ecology, 107(3), 1450–1461.

McKenzie, L. J., Nordlund, L. M., Jones, B. L., Cullen-Unsworth, L. C., Roelfsema, C., & Unsworth, R. K. F. (2020). The global distribution of seagrass meadows. Environmental Research Letters, 15(7), 074041. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab7d06

Nordlund, L. M., Jackson, E. L., Nakaoka, M., Samper-Villarreal, J., Beca-Carretero, P., & Creed, J. C. (2018). Seagrass ecosystem services—What’s next? Marine Pollution Bulletin, 134, 145–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.09.014

Nordlund, L. M., Koch, E. W., Barbier, E. B., & Creed, J. C. (2018). Seagrass ecosystem services and their variability across genera and geographical regions. PLOS ONE, 11(10), e0163091. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0163091

Nor, M. M., Suryono, C. A., & Endrawati, H. (2024). Kerapatan lamun di perairan Pulau Panjang, Jepara. Journal of Marine Research, 13(3), 541–546. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v13i3.35128

Nugraha, A. H., Syahputra, I. P., Dharmawan, I. W. E., & Yanu, U. (2021). Distribution of seagrass cover types and conditions in Riau Islands waters. Journal of Marine Research, 12(3), 431–438. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmr.v12i3.36274

Peña, J. M., Gutiérrez, P. A., Hervás-Martínez, C., Six, J., Plant, R. E., & López-Granados, F. (2014). Object-based image classification of summer crops with machine learning methods. Remote Sensing, 6(6), 5019–5041. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs6065019

Pita, C., Pierce, G. J., Theodossiou, I., & Rodrigues, J. G. (2021). Participation of fishers in marine environmental monitoring and conservation: Lessons learned and future directions. Fish and Fisheries, 22(4), 811–829.

Quevedo, J. M. D., et al. (2023). Potential of seagrass habitat restorations as nature-based solutions in Indonesia. Ambio, 52, 530–546. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-022-01811-2

Rifai, H., Lukman, K. M., Sjafrie, N. D. M., & Kiswara, W. (2024). Understanding stakeholders’ perception on developing seagrass-associated tourism: Evidence from marine protected areas of Bintan Island, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 205, 117068. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117068

Sjafrie, N. D. M., et al. (2018). Identification of socio-ecological system of seagrass ecosystem in Bintan Regency. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia, 3(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.14203/oldi.2018.v3i1.163

Sjafrie, N. D. M., et al. (2025). Between vulnerable and sustainable: An assessment on livelihood of fishermen in Bintan Island, Indonesia. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 212, 117950. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2025.117950

Stankovic, M., Panyawai, J., Jaikwang, T., Karnjanapratum, S., & Prathep, A. (2021). Seagrass beds in the Andaman Sea: Current status of research and knowledge gaps. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 173, 112944.

Strydom, S., et al. (2020). Too hot to handle: Unprecedented seagrass death driven by marine heatwave in a World Heritage Area. Global Change Biology, 26(6), 3525–3538. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15044

Swim, J. K., Geiger, N., Fraser, J., & Pletcher, N. (2019). Climate change education: Relationship to information, knowledge, and attitudes. Journal of Environmental Education, 50(3), 145–160.

Tay Lim, B. J., Osman, S., & Dali, M. (2022). Place-based marine education and its effect on students’ conservation attitudes. Journal of Environmental Education, 53(2), 112–126.

Traganos, D., Aggarwal, B., Poursanidis, D., Topouzelis, K., Chrysoulakis, N., & Reinartz, P. (2018). Towards global-scale seagrass mapping and monitoring using Sentinel-2 on Google Earth Engine. Remote Sensing, 10(8), 1227. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10081227

Unsworth, R. K. F., et al. (2021). The first nation-wide assessment identifies valuable blue-carbon seagrass habitat in Indonesia is in moderate condition. Science of the Total Environment, 793, 148662. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148662

Unsworth, R. K. F., McKenzie, L. J., & Cullen-Unsworth, L. C. (2022). Overlooked but not forgotten: The role of seagrass meadows in global biodiversity conservation. Frontiers in Marine Science, 9, 866936.

Wenger, A. S., Atkinson, S., Santini, T., Falinski, K., Hutson, K., Albert, S., & Jupiter, S. D. (2021). Seagrass meadows support global fisheries production. Conservation Letters, 14(1), e12566.

Wicaksono, P., et al. (2021). Sentinel-2 images for benthic habitat mapping in the shallow waters of Karimunjawa Islands. Remote Sensing Applications: Society and Environment, 23, 100567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rsase.2021.100567